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Institutional economics is a branch of economics that studies the institutions, rules, traditions, and social relationships that organize economic activity. This area emphasizes the importance of institutions in understanding economic processes. Investment in projects is important for economic development and sustainable growth. The investment process involves not only the attraction of financial resources, but also many factors related to social and economic institutions. This article examines the processes of investment in projects, their importance, problems, and solutions from the perspective of institutional economics.